The Socio-Cultural Footprint of Tourism: A Case Study of Manas National Park’s Host Communities

Abstract

While tourism is often analysed for its economic contributions, its socio-cultural impacts on host communities remain equally significant. This case study examines the socio-cultural transformations resulting from tourism development in the communities surrounding Manas National Park, Assam, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The study explores both the positive and negative socio-cultural consequences, including changes in traditional lifestyles, cultural preservation, social cohesion, and conflicts arising from tourism activities. Additionally, it investigates the relationship between these socio-cultural impacts and the extent of community participation in tourism planning and management. Using a quantitative approach, data was accumulated through a structured questionnaire, and factor analysis was employed to ascertain key dimensions of socio-cultural impacts. Multiple regression analysis was conducted to assess the strength of the association of these impacts with community participation. The findings highlight the need for a balanced and inclusive approach to tourism development that considers local socio-cultural dynamics to ensure sustainable and community-driven growth.