GIS BASED MORPHOMETRIC CHARACTERISTICS OF KADAVANAR RIVER BASIN IN TAMIL NADU, INDIA

Pasupathi S, Himanshu Shekhar Sahu, M. Muthukumar

Abstract


The Remote Sensing and GIS technique is an effective tool for analyzing the morphological characteristics of a river basin. The geographical location of Kadavanar river basin between latitudes 10° 52' 34.70"N and 10° 10' 57.59"N, and longitudes 77° 37' 48.14"E and 78° 13' 27.69"E, and one of the contributors to Cauvery river. The study focused on the river basin linear, areal, and relief aspects of morphometric characteristics. The study concentrated on the morphometric parameters and evolution of the stream order (U), stream length (Lu), bifurcation ratio (Rb), drainage density (Dd), stream frequency (Fs), drainage texture (Rt), elongation ratio (Re), circularity ratio (Rc), form factor (Rf), basin relief (Bh), relief ratio (Rh) and ruggedness number (Rn). The Kadavanar basin has a six-order of the drainage system, with a total of 841 stream networks, of which are 653 in the first-order, 143 in the second-order, 34 in the third-order, 8 in the fourth-order, 2 in the fifth-order stream, and 1 in the sixth-order stream according to morphometric study. The first order of the stream has a longer overall length, which decreases as the stream order increases. The average bifurcation ratio is 3.80, signifying that there were more structural disruptions due to geological influence. There has observed a low drainage density of the value of 0.91 km/km2. It indicates that the river basin has a dense vegetation cover and is highly permeable. The basin morphometric study revealed that it has a slight risk of soil erosion and flood of the basin, indicating that surface runoff of the upland region of the river basin is significantly infiltration gently downstream of the basin, contributing to the groundwater potentiality of the region. Further study of Remote Sensing and GIS techniques is more effective in developing an appropriate natural resource for the groundwater management system of the region.


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