Evaluation of vegetal cover loss and its impact on surface temperature in Manipur valley using remote sensing and GIS technology, India

Kiran Sharma

Abstract


This study assesses forest cover change (1989–2016) in the Manipur valley using Landsat imageries and examines the quantum change in land surface temperature within the study area. Vegetation abundance is one of the most influential factors in controlling Land surface temperature. Vegetation change, NDVI and LST maps of four different dates are generated using Landsat TM images for 1989, 2002, 2009 and Landsat 8 OLI for 2016. Limited ground truth verification and field visits were conducted. The study reveals that the forests area decreased at an average annual rate of 330 ha year-1, amounting to a rate of loss of 8.6 % year-1 whereas the built-up area increases by 4 fold and the surface temperature simultaneously increases spatially over the study periods. The initial findings have shown that there is significant increase in the built-up areas, the conversion of forest cover into residential and commercial areas resulted in higher LST in impervious areas. Dense forest and water bodies comparatively observe low temperature than the built-up land. The study evaluates the relationship between the land surface temperature and vegetation cover loss, using Normalized vegetation index (NDVI) to indicate vegetation abundance. A strong negative correlation results between LST and NDVI, where the cooling effect of green areas can be observe. The results indicate a greater loss of the natural ecosystem to infrastructural development at the expense of forest class.

Full Text:

PDF

References


Alberti, Marina. "The effects of urban patterns on ecosystem function." International regional science review 28.2 (2005): 168-192.

Alberti, Marina, and John M. Marzluff. "Ecological resilience in urban ecosystems: linking urban patterns to human and ecological functions." Urban ecosystems 7.3 (2004): 241-265.

Andersen, Henrik Steen. "Land surface temperature estimation based on NOAA-AVHRR data during the HAPEX-Sahel experiment." Journal of Hydrology 188 (1997): 788-814.

Markham, Brian L., and John L. Barker. "Landsat MSS and TM post-calibration dynamic ranges, exoatmospheric reflectances and at-satellite temperatures." EOSAT Landsat technical notes 1.1 (1986): 3-8.

Bolund, Per, and Sven Hunhammar. "Ecosystem services in urban areas." Ecological economics 29.2 (1999): 293-301.

Buyadi, Siti Nor Afzan, Wan Mohd Naim Wan Mohd, and Alamah Misni. "Impact of land use changes on the surface temperature distribution of area surrounding the National Botanic Garden, Shah Alam." Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences 101 (2013): 516-525.

Census of India (2011). General Population Totals, Census of India – 2011, Manipur.

Chandramouli, C., and Registrar General. "CENSUS OF INDIA 2011." (2011).

Chen, Jie. "Rapid urbanization in China: A real challenge to soil protection and food security." Catena 69.1 (2007): 1-15.

Efstathiou, M. N., et al. "New features of land and sea surface temperature anomalies." International journal of remote sensing 32.11 (2011): 3231-3238.

Forest Survey of India. (2013). State of forest report 2013. Dehradun: Government of India (Ministry of Environment & Forests).

Chander, Gyanesh, and Brian Markham. "Revised Landsat-5 TM radiometric calibration procedures and postcalibration dynamic ranges." IEEE Transactions on geoscience and remote sensing 41.11 (2003): 2674-2677.

Huang, Shu-Li, Chia-Tsung Yeh, and Li-Fang Chang. "The transition to an urbanizing world and the demand for natural resources." Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability 2.3 (2010): 136-143.

Jiang, Jing, and Guangjin Tian. "Analysis of the impact of land use/land cover change on land surface temperature with remote sensing." Procedia environmental sciences 2 (2010): 571-575.

Kahn, Matthew E., and Edwin S. Mills. Green cities: urban growth and the environment. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press, 2006.

Kaushal, Sujay S., et al. "Interaction between urbanization and climate variability amplifies watershed nitrate export in Maryland." Environmental Science & Technology 42.16 (2008): 5872-5878.

Pauchard, Anibal, et al. "Multiple effects of urbanization on the biodiversity of developing countries: the case of a fast-growing metropolitan area (Concepción, Chile)." Biological conservation 127.3 (2006): 272-281.

Paul, Michael J., and Judy L. Meyer. "Streams in the urban landscape." Annual review of Ecology and Systematics (2001): 333-365.

SFR (2011). State of Forest Report 2011. Forest Survey of India, Ministry of Environment & Forests, Government of India, Dehra Dun.

USGS Radiance conversion: http://landsat.usgs.gov/ how_is_radiance_calculated.php.


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

The ADBU Journal of Engineering Technology (AJET)" ISSN:2348-7305

This journal is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/)

Number of Visitors to this Journal: